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Extension

Corn Herbicide Rotation Restrictions to Wheat in Oklahoma

Weed management stands as a cornerstone of successful crop production and is crucial for sustaining agricultural productivity. Herbicides serve as key tools in this regard, aiding producers in controlling weed populations and safeguarding crop health. However, transitioning between crops within a rotation cycle requires careful consideration of herbicide residual effects to prevent potential crop injury and ensure the continued success of the rotation system. 

Corn and wheat hold significant importance in Oklahoma crop production as staple crops, each demanding specific herbicide management strategies. As producers transition from corn to wheat, they encounter the challenge of navigating rotational restrictions linked with herbicide applications. These restrictions play a pivotal role in mitigating the risk of herbicide carryover and upholding the life and productivity of subsequent wheat crops. 

This publication aims to dig into the importance of herbicide rotational restrictions when transitioning from corn to wheat in Oklahoma. By compiling common herbicides utilized in corn production and their residual impacts on wheat crops, producers can make informed decisions to protect their crops from potential herbicide injury and optimize yields. 

Rotational restrictions bear critical significance for various reasons. They not only shield cropping rotations, such as wheat, from the adverse effects of herbicide residues, but they also help in deterring the development of herbicide resistant weeds, preserving the efficacy of herbicides for future use. 

The tables below provide a concise overview of frequently used herbicides in Oklahoma corn production, along with their corresponding rotational restrictions for wheat. This allows for simplified access to critical information regarding herbicides for corn. For specific inquiries or detailed information regarding individual chemical compositions, it is advised to refer to the respective product label.

Table 1. Pre-Plant (Burndown).
Herbicide Component Herbicide Mode of ActionWheat Rotational RestrictionsNotes
2, 4-D2, 4-DGrowth Regulator1 Month 
Roundup Power MaxRoundup Power MaxAmino Acid Synthesis Inhibitor 0 Months 
Gramoxone MaxParaquat PS Inhibitor0 MonthsRotational crops may be planted immediately after the last application
Table 2. Pre-Emergence. 
Herbicide Component Herbicide Mode of ActionWheat Rotational RestrictionsNotes
Aatrex 4LAtrazinePS ll Inhibitor10-18 MonthsIf planted the following year, risk remains possible for crop injury
Axiom DFFlufenacet, MetribuzinShoot Growth Inhibitor, Photosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll) 4 MonthsNot for use in popcorn or sweetcorn
Balance FlexxInsoxaflutolePigment Synthesis Inhibitor 4 MonthsNo minimum precipitation requirements 
Bicep ll Magnum Cinch ATZMetolachlor, AtrazinePhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll), Shoot Growth Inhibitor 24 Months 
Callisto MesotrionePigment Synthesis Inhibitor 4 Months 
Dual ll Magnum, CinchMetolachlorShoot Growth Inhibitor4.5 Months 
Field MasterAcetochlor, Atrazine, GlyphosateShoot Growth Inhibitor, Photosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll), Aromatic Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitor  If planted the following year, risk remains possible for crop injury
Guardsman MaxDimethenamid-P, AtrazineShoot Growth Inhibitor, Photosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll) May be planted after two complete growing seasons
Harness/Surpass/TopNotch/ WarrantAcetochlorShoot Growth Inhibitor4 Months 
Harness Xtra/ FulltimeAcetochlor, AtrazineShoot Growth Inhibitor (Photosystem ll)15 MonthsDo not graze or harvest rotational cover crop for food or animals feed for 18 months following the last application of Harness Xtra
Hornet WDGFlumetsulam, ClopyralidALS Inhibitor, Growth Regulator4 Months 
LumaxAtrazine, S-Metolachlor, MesotrionePhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll), Shoot Growth Inhibitor4.5 Months 
Outlook Dimethenamid- PShoot Growth Inhibitor4-6 Months4 Months at <16 fl oz/acre 
6 Months at 16-21 fl oz/acre
PrincepSimazinePhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll)24 MonthsSee label for specific crop rotation restrictions
Prowl H20PendimethalinRoot Growth Inhibitor12-14 MonthsDependent on application rate, rainfall and application timing (spring vs. fall)
PursuitImazethapyrALS Inhibitor4 Months 
PythonFlumetsulamALS Inhibitor4 Months 
Table 3. Post-Emergence. 
HerbicideComponent Herbicide Mode of ActionWheat Rotational RestrictionsNotes
2, 4-D2, 4-DGrowth Regulator1 Month 
AccentNicosulfuronALS Inhibitor4 Months 
AlmCarfentrazone- EthylPPO Inhibitor0 Months 
Banvel, Clarity, Distinct, StatusDicamba, diglycolamine, saltGrowth Regulator See label for specific crop rotation restrictions
BasagranBentazonPhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll) See label for specific crop rotation restrictions
BasisRimsulfuron, Thifensulfuron MethylALS Inhibitor 3-4 Months3 Months  if applied at 0.33 
0.5 fl oz- 4 Months if applied at 0.5 - 1 + fl oz
Basis BlendRimsulfuron, Thifensulfuron MethlyALS Inhibitor3 Months 
BeaconPrimisulfuron-MethylALS Inhibitor3 Months 
Buctril BromoxynilPhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll)1 Month 
CadetFluthiacet-MethylPPO Inhibitor0 Months 
CallistoNicosulfuron, Diflufenzopyr, Dicamba ALS Inhibitor, Auxin Transport Inhibitor, Growth Regulator4-8 Months4 Months for Winter Wheat and 8 Months for Spring Wheat
ExpertAtrazine, S-Metolachlor, GlyphosatePhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll), Shoot Growth Inhibitor, Aromatic Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitor24 Months 
Guardsman MaxDimethenamid-P, AtrazineShoot Growth Inhibitor, Photosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll)24 MonthsMay be planted after two complete growing seasons
Landmaster BWGlyphosate, 2, 4-DAromatic Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitor, Growth Regulator0 Months 
LibertyGlufosinateGlutamine Synthesis Inhibitor2.5 Months 
LumaxAtrazine, S-Metolachlor, MesotrionePhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll), Shoot Growth Inhibitor4.5 Months 
MarksmanAtrazine, DicambaPhotosynthesis Inhibitor (Photosystem ll), Growth Regulator10 MonthsIf planted the following year, there is a possibility for crop injury
NorthstarPrimisulfuronm DicambaALS Inhibitor, Growth Regulator3 Months 
PermitHalosulfuronALS Inhibitor2 Months 
ResourceFlumicloracPPO Inhibitor4 Months 
Roundup Power MaxGlyphosateAromatic Amino Acid Inhibitor0 Months 
SpiritProsulfuron, PrimisulfuronALS Inhibitor3 MonthsBased on soil pH below 7.8
If soil pH is greater than 7.8 see label
SteadfastNicosulfuron, RimsulfuronALS Inhibitor4 Months 
StingerClopyralidGrowth Regulator0 Months 
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