Extension

Although Punxsutawney Phil predicted six more weeks of winter, gardeners in Oklahoma can kickstart gardening season by starting seeds indoors. This provides seedlings time to develop strong roots before being transplanted outdoors in the state’s diverse weather.

Spring weather, as Oklahomans are more than aware, can be unpredictable. Late frosts, sudden temperature swings and strong winds can be detrimental to young plants planted outside too early. Starting seeds indoors gives gardeners more control over temperature, light and moisture, all of which are critical in the early growth stage.

Many vegetables and flowers benefit most from seed-starting, including tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower and a variety of annual flowers.

Whether gardeners saved seeds from last year, plan to order from a seed catalog or purchase at a local gardening store, here are some steps to take to help ensure success. Remember, seeds should be started six to eight weeks before the average last frost date. In Oklahoma, that ranges from late march to mid-April.

Be sure to start with the right supplies. Seed trays and a seed-starting potting medium are must-haves. Potting medium designed for seedlings promotes good drainage and high water-holding capacity, both of which are needed for seed germination.

Follow the directions on the seed packets for proper seed planting. Typically, seeds are planted at three times their diameter. Most seeds will germinate at a constant temperature of 70 F. The temperature can be lowered once the seeds sprout. Seed flats may be covered loosely with clear plastic to help retain heat and moisture.

Be careful not to water too much or too little. The seeds won’t use too much water until they germinate and the seedlings are actively growing. Consider misting the soil with a spray bottle to water. Once seedlings emerge, light becomes critical. A sunny window often isn’t enough. Seedlings need bright, consistent light for 12 to 14 hours per day. Gardeners may have to supplement with fluorescent lighting. Lights should be placed 3 to 4 inches above the seedlings and raised as they grow. Keep them evenly moist but not waterlogged.

One way gardeners can help prepare seedlings for brisk Oklahoma winds is to brush their hands over the seedlings several times per day to simulate wind. Gardeners can also place the seedling trays outside for short periods to expose them to cooler temperatures and wind. This will help the plants develop into strong, stocky plants.

Gardeners are ready to get their hands back in the soil, and although it’s not full-blown gardening season, starting plants indoors is one method gardeners can use to get back into enjoying their hobby.